Hazard Search terms Database Hits Notes
General (also used for other chemical) TITLE-ABS-KEY (honey AND (contam* OR hazard) AND NOT (fraud OR adulter* OR method))1 Scopus 1374 423 were useful
Microbiological TITLE-ABS-KEY (hazard* AND (honey OR apicult*) AND microbiol*) Scopus 23 Seven were new and available
Microbiological ((honey) AND (pathogen)) AND (foodborne) PubMed 219 The vast majority were irrelevant, 19 were novel and available
Elements TITLE-ABS-KEY ((honey) AND (heavy AND metal)) Scopus 394 Many were irrelevant, for example, describing novel detection methods which used spiked honey samples, or were investigating the effect of heavy metals on honeybee health, or investigating honeybees as bio-monitors.
Elements ((honey) AND (heavy AND metal)) PubMed 444 Most duplicates of Scopus or irrelevant
Persistent Organic Pollutants “TITLE-ABS-KEY (honey AND persistent AND organic AND pollutant)”
Scopus 29 Duplicate hazards were detailed in a majority of references
Persistent Organic Pollutants “honey AND persistent organic pollutant” PubMed 16 All were duplicate references or hazards to those found in the Scopus search or were not relevant
Pesticides “TITLE-ABS-KEY (hazard AND (honey OR apicult* OR wax) AND pesticide*)”
Scopus 128

Most concerned hazards that had already been identified, were duplicated or were not related to human health. In addition, references from the general search were extensively used and references within these papers were also followed up.
Pesticides “hazard AND (honey OR apicult* OR wax) AND pesticide*” (“AND NOT antibiotic” was required as initial searches focused on antibiotic residues) PubMed 123 As above
Antibiotics and Veterinary Medicines “TITLE-ABS-KEY (hazard AND (honey OR apicult*) AND antibiotic*)”
Scopus 32

Most were considered to be irrelevant, referring to studies using spiked honey for method development or where hazards were identified in duplicate
Antibiotics and Veterinary Medicines “TITLE-ABS-KEY (hazard AND (honey OR apicult* AND veterin* AND NOT antibiotic*)” Scopus 18 Most were considered to be irrelevant, referring to studies using spiked honey for method development or where hazards were identified in duplicate
Antibiotics and Veterinary Medicines “(Hazard) AND (honey) AND (antibiotic)”
PubMed 27

Most were duplicates of Scopus and the remaining results identified antibiotics or veterinary residues already addressed or otherwise not relevant.
Antibiotics and Veterinary Medicines “(hazard) AND (honey) AND (veterinary) NOT (antibiotic*)” PubMed 28 Most were duplicates of Scopus and the remaining results identified antibiotics or veterinary residues already addressed or otherwise not relevant.
Toxins “TITLE-ABS-KEY (hazard AND (honey OR apicult*) AND toxin*)” Scopus 17 The majority regarded bee health, were not relevant or detailed duplicate hazards
Toxins “(hazard) AND ((honey) OR (apicult*)) AND (toxin)” PubMed 12 Introduced three new hazards
Radiological TITLE-ABS-KEY (honey AND (radiological OR radioactivity OR radionuclide OR radiation) AND (contam* OR detect* OR presence)) Scopus 250 21 had relevant titles and content
Radiological "honey"[Title/Abstract] AND "radioactivity"[Title/Abstract] PubMed 12 5 were relevant and new
Allergens TITLE-ABS-KEY (honey AND anaphyl* AND NOT (bee OR sting)) Scopus 43
Most were not relevant (not referring to honey)
Allergens TITLE-ABS-KEY (honey AND (allerg* OR hypersens*) AND react* AND NOT (bee* OR dressing*)) Scopus 54 Eleven were relevant and new
Allergens (honey[Title/Abstract]) AND (allergen[Title/Abstract])
and
(honey[Title/Abstract]) AND (anaphylactic[Title/Abstract])
PubMed 71
39
Ten were relevant and new
Two were relevant and new
Microplastics/
particulates
TITLE-ABS-KEY (particulat* AND honey) Scopus 66
Only two concerned honey
Microplastics/
particulates
TITLE-ABS-KEY (microplastic* AND honey) Scopus 45 14 were relevant
Microplastics/
particulates
((honey[Title/Abstract])) AND (particulate[Title/Abstract]) PubMed 26 0 additional
Microplastics/
particulates
(honey[Title/Abstract]) AND (microplastics[Title/Abstract]) PubMed 25 One new hit